Michigan State University Extension
Diversity and Pluralism - 12993183
12/95/
ERIC TITLE NUMBER: ED205156 AUTHOR: Waldenberg, Adair L.
TITLE: Female Representation in Higher Education: Retrospect
and Prospect.
YEAR PUBLISHED: 1981
NOTE: 103 p.
ABSTRACT: Female representation in higher education
increased significantly at several levels over the past
decade. In this paper the trends are analyzed, and the
potential role of policy changes that alter female
representation is explored. The measure used in the analysis
is the proportion of a given group that is female or the
ratio of the number of women in the group to the total
number of group members. Female representation in degree
acquisitions over the period 1968 to 1978 is examined.
Following the introduction and summary are separate sections
on bachelor's degree recipients, master's degree recipients,
doctoral degree recipients, professional degrees, and female
representation on academic faculties (1972 to 1979) by rank,
tenure status, and institution type. The appendix contains
mathematical derivations for shift/share analysis. Tables
provide numerous statistical data on female representation
in degree programs and on faculties. Several reasons are
suggested for the increased female representation in higher
education: young women expect to spend more time in the
labor force and therefore invest more in schooling; there
has been an increase in the enforcement of
antidiscrimination and affirmative action laws; and rewards
have increased for highly educated women. (LC)
KEY DESCRIPTORS: Bachelors-Degrees; Doctoral-Degrees;
Educational-Trends; Equal-Education; Masters-Degrees;
Professional-Education; Teacher-Promotion; Tenure-
KEY DESCRIPTORS: *Academic-Rank-Professional; *College
Faculty; *Degrees-Academic; *Females-; *Higher-Education;
*Womens-Education
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