Michigan State University Extension
Diversity and Pluralism - 02170189
12/95/
ERIC TITLE NUMBER: ED223861 AUTHOR: Gordon, Henry A.; And Others
TITLE: Unemployment and Underemployment among Blacks,
Hispanics, and Women. United States Commission on Civil
Rights Clearinghouse Publication 74.
YEAR PUBLISHED: 1982
NOTE: 111 p.
ABSTRACT: Blacks, Hispanics, and women are more likely to be
unemployed or underemployed than white males, regardless of
economic conditions. This conclusion was drawn from an
analysis of data gathered from the March Current Population
Survey for the years 1971 through 1980, the Dictionary of
Occupational Titles, and state and local unemployment rates
supplied by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The data were
analyzed to determine whether factors other than
discrimination could account for the disparities. These
factors included economic expansions and contractions that
might disproportionately affect some groups; regional and
industrial variations in the economy; and individual
factors, such as education, training, and age, that vary
among groups. Disparities with employment rates of white
males in the same areas or industries, however, remained
fairly constant. Individual factors, such as education,
training, and age, were found to play a part in the
unemployment and underemployment rates, but only as minority
groups tended to be younger and less educated and,
therefore, more often unemployed than white males. When
white males and minority males had the same education and
were in the same age group, however, the minority males
still tended to be unemployed or underemployed more often.
White females had less unemployment than white males, but
were more likely to be employed in lower-paying jobs. The
study indicates that a greater effort is needed to end the
discrimination that contributes to these statistics and to
provide more equal job opportunities for all. (KC)
KEY DESCRIPTORS: Adults-; Affirmative-Action; Employment
Problems; Males-; Minority-Groups; Sex-Discrimination; Sex
Fairness; Social-Discrimination
KEY DESCRIPTORS: *Blacks-; *Equal-Opportunities-Jobs;
*Females-; *Hispanic-Americans; *Underemployment-;
*Unemployment-
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