Michigan State University Extension
Diversity and Pluralism - 02120133
12/95/
ERIC TITLE NUMBER: ED330733 AUTHOR: Jain, Harish C.
TITLE: Employment Discrimination against Visible Minorities
and Employment Equity = Discrimination dans L'emploi a
L'egard des Minorites Visibles et Equite en Matiere
D'emploi.
YEAR PUBLISHED: 1988
NOTE: 114 p.
ABSTRACT: Canada has become a multiracial, multireligious,
and multicultural society, but non-whites, the "visible
minorities (VMs)," face pay and employment discrimination
in both the public and the private sector. Lack of
statistical data by race and by region about job
segregation, income levels, and promotions make it
difficult to determine the extent of discrimination against
any one group. However, a number of studies indicate that
VMs are underrepresented in the workforce and are being
denied full participation in public institutions.
Affirmative action and contract compliance programs may
provide a solution. The Employment Equity Act of 1986
promotes affirmative action at the federal level and
applies to contractors supplying goods and services to the
federal government. Voluntary affirmative action programs
are legal in all Canadian jurisdictions, under the Canadian
Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Supreme Courts of both
Canada and the United States have upheld the validity of
affirmative action programs in both countries. Studies in
the United States indicate that contract compliance
programs that incorporate affirmative action plans are
effective in increasing the employment, occupational
mobility, and earnings of minority groups. The
Canadian federal contractors program, which shows promise
of improving the employment opportunities of the VMs, is
vigorously enforced by the Canada Employment Immigration
Commission. Policy recommendations are made. A translation
in French is included. A list of 59 references is appended.
(FMW)
KEY DESCRIPTORS: Cultural-Pluralism; Federal-Legislation;
Foreign-Countries; Multilingual-Materials; Privatization-
KEY DESCRIPTORS: *Affirmative-Action; *Civil-Rights
Legislation; *Equal-Opportunities-Jobs; *Minority-Groups;
*Racial-Discrimination
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