Why have soil tested?
The major objective of soil testing is to have a basis for proper use of fertilizer and lime. Soil testing is widely used for diagnosing problems, sometimes called "trouble-shooting". It is an important diagnostic tool for evaluating nutrient imbalances and more recently for measuring trends n nutrient levels and to identify locations where nutrient losses (pollution) may occur.
Since plants take up nutrients from the soil, nutrients need to be replenished from time to time. Over-application of fertilizers can waste money, ruin plants, pollute streams, lakes and groundwater. Why take the chance of making a mistake?
When to test
Soil samples may be taken at any time during the year where temperatures (lack of frost) and moisture conditions permit.
Generally, test soils at least once every 3 years. Where large amounts of fertilizer are used, (such as in agriculture), test on an annual basis.
Sampling the entire planting area at one time is a good practice - this forces you to do some advance planning. This can be done in the off-season. Knowing the soil test results and the recommended fertilizer materials required for all areas will enable you to more efficiently purchase and utilize both fertilizer and lime.
What is the soil being tested for
This is not a test for soil or water contamination. It does include testing for pH, lime requirement, phosphorus (P); potassium (K); calcium (Ca); and magnesium (Mg.). Liming and/or fertilizer recommendations are based on the crop(s) to be grown and soil test results.
Cost of test
The cost of the soil test kit is $10.00 at the Extension office. Additional specialized tests are available for an added fee.
How to take a soil sample
1. Decide whether you want to test soil for the lawn, trees and shrubs, flower garden, or vegetable. Use a spade or trowel and a clean plastic pail.
2. Collect 10-15 representative soil samples from one type of landscape area - such as your lawn, flower garden, around trees or shrubs, or vegetable garden. Dig to the depth of the plant roots (3" deep for lawn; 6" deep or more for flowers, vegetables; and 8" deep for trees).
3. Mix the samples together in a plastic pail (do not use a metal pail of sample is to be tested for micro-nutrients).
4. Place 2-3 cups of the well-mixed soil in a plastic bag or just in the container.
5. If the soil is wet, it will be necessary to air dry the soil. Do not use artificial heat (radiators, ovens, etc.) to force-dry the sample.
Where to bring sample
Bring sample to the MSU Extension office located at:
MSU Extension-Genesee County
G-4215 W. Pasadena
Flint, MI 48504
How soon should you receive results
You should receive test results in about three to four weeks. The results are mailed to your county Extension agent for interpretation, and then results and recommendations are mailed to you.
REMINDER
1. MSU Soil Test Lab does not test for toxins and/or contaminants. For
these, you should consult a private lab.
2. The more complete the information provided, the better will be the fertilizer
recommendation. It is necessary to be aware of the previous crop grown and
the future intent of the area being tested.
PREPARED BY:
Michigan State University
Extension, Genesee County.
G-4215 W. Pasadena
Flint, MI 48504
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Michigan State University Extension programs and materials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, marital status, or family status. Michigan State University, U.S. Department of Agriculture and counties cooperating. Michigan State University is an affirmative-action equal opportunity institution.